Once a new NIC is added to /etc/network/interface, we don’t have to reboot to update the configuration.
I’m set up a new installed server with Ubuntu 14.04 this afternoon. Since it has serveral NICs, I had to add them on interface manually. But the ifconfig doesn’t show the update though I tried
sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
or
sudo service networking restart
After googling, it turned out that one should turn off and on the network devices before restarting the network service.
sudo ifdown eth0 && sudo ifup eth0 sudo service networking restart
Now the new NIC is now in the interface!